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The hybrid scheme provides for a smooth transition between the two. An accurate representation of the stratosphere is important for weather forecasting because the

A change in the model has reduced numerical errors accumulating at high horizontal resolution due to insufficient vertical resolution in the stratosphere. This was achieved by moving from third-order (cubic) to HRES - High Resolution Forecast. The HRES is a single run created twice daily giving forecasts to Day10 based on 00 and 12UTC data times.. The upgrade to IFS Cycle 47r1 brings many changes in IFS Cycle 47r1 improves both ECMWF’s high-resolution forecast (HRES) and the IFS Cycle 47r1 improves both ECMWF’s high-resolution forecast (HRES) and the ensemble forecast (ENS).

It comprises a spectral atmospheric model with a terrain-following vertical coordinate system coupled to a 4D-Var data assimilation system. ECMWF has implemented a significant resolution upgrade and methodology for high-resolution forecasts (HRES) and ensemble forecasts (ENS) beginning January of 2016.
The vertical resolution varies with geometric height.

Export to PDF This is true both in the extratropics and, when verified against observations, in the tropics. A detailed presentation of the upgrade, including scorecards, will also be included in the summer issue of the ECMWF Newsletter, due to be published later this month. New forecast model cycle brings highest-ever resolution 10 March 2016 ECMWF has launched a new model cycle bringing improved global weather forecasts at record-breaking resolution. These have in the past been generally too low, in particular for intense tropical cyclones. Operational configurations of the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) These tables summarise the key characteristics of the ECMWF IFS model, offering links to documentation on data descriptions, graphical products, cycle information, resolution, etc. Among other changes to forecast outputs, new parameters specify the maximum distance from the centre of a tropical cyclone (TC) to locations where the surface wind speed reaches 34, 50 and 64 knots (wind radii). Soc., 130, 1505–1530. A wide-ranging upgrade of ECMWF’s Integrated Forecasting System (IFS), implemented on 30 June 2020, improves global weather forecasts and substantially improves analyses and forecasts in the stratosphere. Availability of IFS cycle 47r1 test data Test data in MARS The pressure at the interfaces between these layers are known as 'half-levels' and are defined by:The IFS prognostic variables are represented by their values at the 'full-level' pressures IFS uses a vertical finite-element scheme for improved accuracy and reducing numerical noise from the vertical discretization. Q. J. R. Meteorol.
Further information on all aspects of the upgrade is available on the the most accurate single-run … This information will help users to assess the risk of wind-related hazards. Both ECMWF and Météo-France use the IFS to make operational weather forecasts, but using a different configuration and resolution (the Météo-France configuration is referred to as ARPEGE). Note that the top model pressure level varies between these configurations.Simmons A.J., and D.M. W hen performance is assessed using many forecasts it provides, on average. Page History

The ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) consists of several components coupled together in various different ways: an atmospheric model run at various resolutions appropriate to the forecast length (high resolution (HRES), ensemble (ENS), extended-range, and seasonal forecast). The new grid on which the forecasts are run comprises … Forecasts of several near-surface parameters, most notably 2-metre temperature and humidity, are better by about 0.5–1%. The horizontal grid spacing in HRES is about 9 km and in ENS about 18 km. IFS uses a hybrid sigma coordinate vertical coordinate, A characteristic of the hybrid scheme is that the spacing between levels is less over steep orography than at the surface.The atmosphere in IFS is divided into layers. ECMWF Director of Research Andy Brown and Director of Forecasts Florian Pappenberger have explained the changes and improvements brought by IFS Cycle 47r1 in two recent webinars: {"serverDuration": 184, "requestCorrelationId": "c1a24e6529765b59"} View in Hierarchy

The HRES (current resolution 9km) provides a more detailed description of future weather than the control or individual member of the ENS.

Burridge, 1981, An energy and angular momentum conversing vertical finite difference scheme and hybrid vertical coordinates, Mon. The wind radii are computed for each of four quadrants (NE, SE, SW and NW), delivering a total of 12 size metrics for each TC at each time step.

The Centre has one of the largest supercomputer facilities and meteorological data archives in the world Forecasts of several near-surface parameters, most notably 2-metre temperature and humidity, are better by about 0.5–1%.

HRES is now performed via a transform grid with a nominal grid point spacing of 9 kilometers (0.08 degrees), and is carried out with IFS (Integrated Forecast System) model cycle CY41r2. Page Information The analysis (our best estimate of the current state of the atmosphere) benefits from a Extratropical 10-metre wind in HRES is slightly improved, as is total cloud cover in ENS and HRES. In 1997 the IFS became the first operational forecasting system to use 4D-Var . ECMWF is the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.

Wea. IFS uses a hybrid sigma coordinate vertical coordinate, η, in which the lowest layers of the model are pure so-called 'sigma' levels, whilst the topmost model levels are pure pressure levels. View Source

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