Bayard Rustin March on Washington

Since then, he has been the subject of several biographies by Jervis Anderson, Daniel Levine, John D’Emilio and Jerald Podar. And once again, Rustin’s past and personal life were used to try and stop the movement. A young King would be forever changed after his encounter with Rustin.“Dr. In 1941, Rustin, along with Randolph and Muste, had proposed a March on Washington to combat the discrimination of black workers in the defense department. With Rustin at the helm of the March on Washington, they were sure to encounter these questions. So he and his team [were] working the phones hard, they [were] typing letters constantly,” says Michael G. Long, editor of It’s no surprise that Rustin was able to find composure in chaos. Enrolling at City College, he devoted himself to singing, performing with the Josh White Quartet and in the musical John Henry with Paul Robeson. Randolph, a respected figure in the movement, wouldn’t garner opposition from others.“But King and Lewis also knew that if Randolph became the official director of the march, he would appoint Bayard as his deputy,” says Long. Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina brought nationwide media attention to Bayard after claiming that the march was being organized by “Communist, draft-dodger and homosexual.”But it would seem that the impact of what was once the movement’s Achilles’ heel had lost its effectiveness. Dr. King had read Gandhi, but at that point he hadnt accepted pacifism as a way of life. After all, he was the march’s chief organizer. It didn’t matter that Thurmond was hiding a Tensions in every direction persisted.

He supported the idea of fighting for the impoverished people of the country, but he wasn’t sure of the timing and worried it could lead to violence in already struggling communities. "Rustin died on August 24, 1987, but his fight for nonviolence lived on among the countless people inspired by the 1963 March on Washington. Rustin’s reluctant resignation from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference marked one of few times that King lost a battle to fear.Bayard Rustin was also a spokesman for the Citywide Committee for Integration. Born in 1912 and raised by his grandparents in West Chester, Pennsylvania, Rustin learned Quaker values of nonviolence and peace from an early age. Rep. Adam Clayton Powell Jr. of New York, angry that Rustin and King were planning a march outside the Democratic National Convention in Los Angeles, warned King that if he did not drop Rustin, Powell would tell the press King and Rustin were gay lovers. While remaining out of the spotlight, Rustin played a critical role in introducing King to Gandhi’s teachings while writing publicity materials and organizing carpools. And would its impact help to achieve the goals of the movement? Yet of all the leaders of the civil rights movement, Bayard Rustin lived and worked in the deepest shadows, not because he was a closeted gay man, but because he wasn’t trying to hide who he was. Instead of directly involving Rustin, King and Lewis held a caucus to nominate Randolph to lead the march. At the same time, he expanded his focus on international causes, including offering support to Israel, promoting free elections in Central America and Africa and aiding refugees as vice chairman of the International Rescue Committee.During the 1980s, Rustin also opened up publicly about the sexuality he had “sublimated” since the 1950s. In January 1953, Rustin, after delivering a speech in Pasadena, Calif., was arrested on “lewd conduct” and “vagrancy” charges, allegedly for a sexual act involving two white men in an automobile. "I was aiding and abetting the prejudice that was a part of the effort to destroy me. Roosevelt was so alarmed by the specter of violence and the negative publicity during the “war against fascism” that a deal was reached before the march could even begin. And so when Rustin arrived in Montgomery, Dr. King’s home was full of guns,” Long explains. After walking towards the back of a bus in the 1940s during the Jim Crow South, a white child reached up to touch his tie, only to be stopped by their mother.

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